Bhavana means the practice of " Mind Cultivation" or simply meditation .Meditation can be said to purify the mind by making it easier to develop Generosity and Compassion,and then to finally acquire Wisdom.
Buddhist meditation is usually classified into two types- Vipassana or insight meditation, and Samatha or Concentration meditation. There are many forms of Samatha meditation ,and Metta or Loving-Kindness meditation is one of its more widely practiced forms. All these tyoes of meditation have their benefits.
However, it is usually recognized that it is through the practice of Vipassana or insight meditation that we can come to fully know ourselves. And that through this we will be able to better realize and understand the Buddha's Teachings and to see things as they turely are.
Meditation can be said to be the highest form of Buddhist practise as the Buddhist himself attained Enlightenment through meditation.
You do not need long meditation sessions to begin with. Even a short 10 to 20 minutes every day or every other day will do wonders.
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